This post introduces additional post-surgery complications beyond those already discussed: fistula and glans dehiscence .

What Are Other Possible Complications?

Other potential complications after hypospadias repair include:

• Persistent penile curvature: the penis bends again after surgical correction
• Urethral stricture: narrowing of the urethra along the repaired segment
• Meatal stenosis: narrowing of the urethral opening
• Urethral diverticulum: bulging or outpouching of the urethra after repair
• Skin-related issues:
  • Skin loss, contraction, or scarring
  • Penile skin redundancy
  • Penile concealment (the penis appears sunken and hidden)
  • Suture sinuses (scar tissue associated with surgical sutures)
• Erectile dysfunction
• Infections: skin infections or urinary tract infections (UTIs)
• Abnormal uroflow: an obstructed urine flow pattern with intermittent or plateau curve (referemce )

Extended Reading

These complications are generally less common than fistula and glans dehiscence. The following resources provide additional information. Dedicated posts on each topic may be added later:

• Complications introduction from Operation Happenis
• Complications and reoperations from Hypospadias Specialty Center
• Risks and benefits from Cleveland Clinic